Personal recommendation: The Rubin Report, a liberty-minded interview show

Thanks, Michael.

  Yes, I believe I do; I've posted about that issue before. I do not think the Constitution delegates any such power (as you know, governments have "powers", not "rights").

  Article 1, Section 8, gives Congress the power "To establish an uniform rule of Naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcy throughout the United States". Naturalization, of course, is the process of becoming a citizen. It is not a power over immigration or controlling the borders of the states. But if the framers had intended the Constitution to delegate such a power to the federal government, that would have been the natural place to mention it.

  Article 1, Section 9, mentions, "migration", but only in reference to the regulation of slavery: "The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person."

  Not only the language in the clause itself about "importation" (trade goods, not people, are referred to as being "imported" and subject to "duties") makes clear that the reference is to slaves, but that is the historical context in which the clause was understood – as part of a constitutional compromise on the slavery question (see e.g. https://www.reference.com/history/slave-trade-compromise-da36dbf1b11397ef ). It is not a general power allowing Congress to regulate who may enter the country or how.

Love & Liberty,
                               ((( starchild )))

Thanks, Starchild, for your clear explanation.

I also appreciate you reminding me about the difference between rights and powers as applied to the Govt.

Warm regards, Michael

Michael R. Edelstein, Ph.D.
Clinical Psychologist
415-673-2848 (24/7)
htttp://ThreeMinuteTherapy.com <http://www.threeminutetherapy.com/>

Author of Three Minute Therapy <http://www.threeminutetherapy.com/>
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  Thanks, Michael.

  Yes, I believe I do; I've posted about that issue before. I do not think the Constitution delegates any such power (as you know, governments have "powers", not "rights").

  Article 1, Section 8, gives Congress the power "To establish an uniform rule of Naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcy throughout the United States". Naturalization, of course, is the process of becoming a citizen. It is not a power over immigration or controlling the borders of the states. But if the framers had intended the Constitution to delegate such a power to the federal government, that would have been the natural place to mention it.

  Article 1, Section 9, mentions, "migration", but only in reference to the regulation of slavery: "The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person."

  Not only the language in the clause itself about "importation" (trade goods, not people, are referred to as being "imported" and subject to "duties") makes clear that the reference is to slaves, but that is the historical context in which the clause was understood – as part of a constitutional compromise on the slavery question (see e.g. https://www.reference.com/history/slave-trade-compromise-da36dbf1b11397ef ). It is not a general power allowing Congress to regulate who may enter the country or how.

Love & Liberty,
                               ((( starchild )))